It is crucial, within Society, that equality and inclusion are firmly rooted in order not to encounter serious obstacles to the common welfare. Hence, the need to promote a Society that is able to overcome all forms and types of gender inequality, where men and women have the same kind of opportunities and where diversity can become a value.

Promoting equality and inclusion means, therefore, being able to intervene in favour of equal opportunities by implementing policies that are guided by human rights treaties and core labour principles in order to achieve a Society where merit is more important than gender and diversity.

The objectives of common funds can also be combined with the promotion of equality andinclusion within Society through the adherence to the most important international standards in this field (human rights, core labour principles, fight against corruption), or through projects directly dedicated to the elimination of inequalities and equal opportunities (fair pay, combating violence against women, fight against poverty) so as to push towards an inclusive Society .

Sustainable investors use different management strategies:
The Exclusion Approach: Many funds approach issues by excluding Society linked to controversial subjects (alcohol, gambling, adult entertainment) or those that do not comply with human rights, labour rights and child labour regulations.
The Thematic Approach: Some funds invest directly in themes related to equality, inclusion and the reduction of inequalities (microcredit, human capital enhancement, transport, demographic trends).
TheNormative Approach: Most funds make particular reference to international treaties on human rights (Universal Declaration of Human Rights) and children's rights and the UN Convention on Corruption.

We have identified about 70 criteria that allow us to assess the importance of equality and inclusion in mutual fund management in our universe.

The most widely used approaches are Screening: exclusion (controversial subjects and non-compliance with human and labor rights) and normative (human rights and corruption) with still few cases of thematic funds focusing, instead, on theImpact they generate.

Gender equality is manifested by a range of abuses, social, economic and criminal. Establishing key indicators to measure discrimination of various kinds is therefore a key step in promoting inclusion and a culture of diversity.

The evaluation requirements placed on sustainable mutual funds are emblematic of a Society that seeks to remove the very first of injustices, that to women. The mandatory indicators are:

• Inadequate gender pay gap:
  The difference between the average gross hourly wage of male employees compared to female employees expressed as a percentage.
• Gender diversity in the board of directors.:
  The average ratio of female board members to male board members in the Society investees.

In addition to these, sustainable funds are optionally invited to measure:

• Incidents of discrimination:
  The number of incidents of discrimination reported in the Society participated expressed as a weighted average.
• CEO excessive pay ratio.:
  The average ratio, within the Society investees, between the total annual compensation of the highest-paid individual and the average total annual compensation of all employees (excluding the highest-paid individual).